Mutagenic
Mutagenic: Mutagenic refers to anything that can cause a permanent change in the DNA of an organism. This can be caused by chemicals, radiation, or viruses. Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to the organism.
Glossary Category:
mutation
Mutation: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can be caused by environmental factors such as UV light or ionizing radiation, or they can occur spontaneously. Some mutations are beneficial, while others are harmful or neutral.
mycelium
Mycelium: Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching filaments (hyphae). Mycelium is responsible for absorbing nutrients from the environment and spreading the fungus through its network of hyphae.
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma:Mycoplasmas are a type of bacteria that lack a cell wall. This makes them resistant to many antibiotics that target cell walls. Mycoplasmas are some of the smallest bacteria, and can only be seen with a microscope. They are often found in the respiratory tract, and can cause infections such as pneumonia.Mycoplasmas are classified into two groups based on their ability to cause disease: pathogenic and non-pathogenic. Pathogenic mycoplasmas are responsible for causing infections, while non-pathogenic mycoplasmas do not typically cause disease. However, non-pathogenic mycoplasmas can sometimes opportunistically infect people with weakened immune systems.
mycorrhiza
Mycorrhiza:A mycorrhiza (from Greek μύκης, mykes, “fungus” and ῥίζα, rhiza, “root”; plural: mycorrhizae or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic (generally mutualistic) association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the beneficial relationship between the fungus and the plant root system in which both parties benefit from each other. In this symbiotic relationship, the fungus provides the plant with water and nutrients from the soil while the plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis. This beneficial relationship is essential for the survival of many plants, especially in nutrient-poor soils.There are two main types of mycorrhizal associations: ectomycorrhizal and endomycorrhizal. Ectomycorrhizal fungi form a sheath around the plant root system, while endomycorrhizal fungi penetrate into the plant cells themselves. Each type of association has different benefits for the plant; ectomycorrhizal fungi help protect roots from pathogens and improve water uptake, while endomycorrhizal fungi help increase nutrient uptake. Many plants form both types of associations simultaneously in order to maximize their chances of survival.
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