Best Management Practices (BMPs):Best management practices (BMPs) are a set of guidelines that aim to minimize the negative environmental impact of activities such as agriculture, forestry, urban development, and construction. BMPs typically focus on minimizing pollution and maximizing resource conservation.
Biennial:A biennial plant is a plant that takes two years to complete its life cycle. The first year of the cycle is spent growing leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative growth). The second year is spent producing flowers and seeds (reproductive growth). After seed production, the plant dies. Many biennials require a cold period (vernalization) before they will flower.
Binomial sampling or presence/absence sampling:Binomial sampling is a method of sampling that is used to estimate the proportion of a population that consists of individuals with a certain characteristic. The characteristic can be anything that can be observed and counted, such as the presence or absence of a particular species of plant or animal. Presence/absence sampling is a type of binomial sampling in which the characteristic being sampled for is the presence or absence of a particular species.
Bioassay:A bioassay is an assay (a test used to measure the concentration or activity of a substance) that uses living organisms to measure the effects of a substance on living systems. Bioassays are used to test the toxicity of chemicals, the potency of drugs, and the effectiveness of pesticides.
Bioavailability:Bioavailability is the degree to which a substance is able to be absorbed and used by the body. It is affected by many factors, including the route of administration (e.g., oral vs. intravenous), chemical properties of the substance (e.g., solubility), and interactions with other substances (e.g., food).
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